The study of Nonlinear Dynamics and Complex Systems has acquired great importance because most of the physical, chemical, biological, socio-economic systems, etc. have intrinsically a nonlinear character due to the fact that models describing them are formulated in terms of nonlinear equations.

The nonlinear behaviors of the different natural or artificial systems are related to certain phenomena that arise in this type of systems due to feedback processes (synergies). This gives rise to new situations that emerge and are related to drastic changes in the system that in physical terms are known as phase transitions or critical phenomena. These emergent phenomena arise independently of the nature of the system and only due to the interactions between the constituents of the system. For this reason, it can be said that the modeling of any type of nonlinear system uses the same physical-mathematical tools.

For all of the above, it is not surprising the inter, multi and transdisciplinary nature of the science of complex systems, and is considered by some as the "21st century science".